1- Robert Adam and William Chamber were two of the most prolific Essay

1- Robert Adam and William Chamber were two of the most prolific - Essay Example Adam travelled there in 1754, getting valuable knowledge of classical literature and draughtsmanship. He was tutored by two prominent personalities in the field of architecture – Giovanni Battista Piranese of Italy and Charles-Louis Clerisseau of France.5 Chambers too (like Adam) studied architecture and draughtsmanship under French architect Charles-Louis Clerisseau. While in Italy, Chambers did an extensive tour and examination of the Roman ruins and the works of noted Italian architects, especially Palladio.6 A major difference between the two great architects was their style. Both are looked upon as experts in neoclassical style of architecture, or ‘new’ classical style, so called because it represented a revival of classic forms of architecture that both men studied at length in France and Italy.7 While Chambers embodied the essential characteristics of high fashion tastes of his time,8 Adam created his own unique style, which was built on the style of those times.9 As a result of several trips to China, Chambers was deeply captivated by Chinese designs, returning to England with a large number of drawings of Chinese buildings and gardens. While his architectural works did reflect his knowledge and learning of neoclassical architecture (as a result of his visits to France and Italy), his fascination for Chinese designs was distinctly apparent in his later architectural works. Chambers favoured bold exteriors that reflected a blend of Roman, Florentine, Genoese and Venetian styles. He did not favour any startling mannerisms, preferring to place his style somewhere between the laborious, impressive style of Vanbrugh and the lighter, more pure style of Adam. Experts are of the opinion that the outlook of Chambers was more continental and international as compared to Adam.10 One of the only two (the other being Somerset House) famous architectural works of Chambers contains a distinct Chinese design flavour – Kew Gardens (1757

Print versus Online Journalism Essay Example for Free

Print versus Online Journalism Essay In almost any part of the world, the journalists are the people who deliver to us the daily news, significant events, updates, celebrity scoops, and other bits of information. Traditionally, journalists obtain their news through extensive research, interviews, and leg work among others. After hours, days, or even weeks of research, journalists then write and craft their pieces which eventually land on the front page of the newspapers. This sequence of actions is called print journalism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, due to the rise of technology, people are now able to publish stories and articles on the Internet. Life stories, opinions, and other information can be aired and accessed by people through websites such as blog sites and social networking sites, among others. This new form of posting information resulted in what is now known as online journalism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Print and online journalism are both similar and different from each other in a lot of ways. There basic point of similarity is that they both contain information that is accessible by the public. This information may include daily news stories, sports updates, business news, health news.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, the main difference between the two is that in print journalism, these stories are published in broadsheet newspapers, magazines, and tabloids, among others, while in online journalism, the news and other information is basically published solely in websites. Usually, the information given by both forms of journalism may be accessed through subscriptions. However, certain newspapers, such as the New York Times, can be accessed online for free.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, compared to print journalism, online information is easily accessed. People simply have to connect to the Internet and view the web page that contains their desired information. On the other hand, printed information in the newspapers and magazines are bought in stores and magazine stands.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, possibly the most important difference between the two is how journalism is practiced. The practice of conventional journalism, without a doubt, requires critical analysis, logical thinking, mastery or knowledge of grammar, and most of all, commitment to the truth. This is usually the case with people who are involved in print journalism, most especially, the ones writing for established and highly credible newspapers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, in online journalism, except perhaps for the websites of major dailies, most websites are not edited and proofread properly which results in erroneous or inaccurate information and grammatically incorrect sentences or phrases.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In short, the most important and most notable difference between the two is that online journalism lacks that true essence journalism per se as compared to print journalism where people know and have possibly mastered the fundamentals such as grammar, style, and logical construction.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, a majority of people involved in online journalism are not actually journalists by profession. These so-called â€Å"online journalists† may not have undergone proper training so technically they do not have the authority and capability that print journalists have.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Over-all, it can be said that online journalism is not journalism at all and is only a term that spawned from the boom of technology as compared to print journalism which follows traditional practices of   journalism.

The Role of Marketing Research at Nike :: Business Management Studies

The Role of Marketing Research at Nike This essay answers the following six questions concerning Nike. Q1.) Should Nike switch from a focus on celebrities to a focus on its products in its advertising? Discuss the role of marketing research in helping the Nike management to make this decision. What kind of research should be undertaken? Q2.) Discuss the buying behavior of consumer with respect to athletic footwear. Q3.) What is the management decision problem as it attempts to retain its leadership position? Q4.) Discuss marketing research problem facing Nike, given the management decision problem you have identified? Q5.) Develop two suitable research questions and formulate two hypotheses for each. Q6.) How can internet be used to help Nike in conducting marketing research and in marketing its product. Q1.) Should Nike switch from a focus on celebrities to a focus on its products in its advertising? Discuss the role of marketing research in helping the Nike management to make this decision. What kind of research should be undertaken? Answer:- Yes, it should change its focus from celebrities to its product as we can see that the Nike Shox was a run away success in U.K and U.S. Marketing research will help Nike management to find out eh effectiveness of celebrities focused adds to product feature adds. Descriptive research should be undertaken as it gives a conclusive result. Q2.) Discuss the buying behavior of consumer with respect to athletic footwear. Answer: - People buy things for obvious and hidden reasons. The importance of the product determines the amount of thought and effort into the purchase. For instance buying behavior of athletic footwear will be different for serious sports athletics and different for other consumers. Athletic footwear can be categorized into 3 types: Athleisure = Casual athletic styles, canvas, suede, etc. Recreational Boots = Hunting, Fishing. Waterboot etc. Sports based = Golf, Basketball, Soccer etc. There are essential factors that consumers take into consideration before purchasing a new pair of Athleisure shoes. Stability?the shoes should have a balanced and secure feel throughout range of motion. Flexibility?the shoes should allow for a good degree of give at the base of the toes, providing smooth motion. Comfort?walking shoes should comprise contours and padding conformed closely to the feet, providing a snug fit at the heel and midfoot, with ample room in the forefoot. There are essential factors that Athletics take into consideration before purchasing a new pair of Sports based shoes. Heelcounter?the area of the shoe that holds the back of the heel, just

Moral Mutation and the apocalyptic future Essay

The two texts, the film and the book, were set in a post-Hiroshima world where arsenals were being further improved to generate a more efficient way to participate in warfare and be the leader in these developments. By lumping two stories together in an analysis, it is inevitable for traits to be observed in the chosen texts. Dewey in his analysis of Cat’s Cradle described Dr. Hoenikker as a â€Å"man-child curiously unfamiliar with concepts such as sin and God† (57). He then identified in the doctor a â€Å"moral mutation who believes with Faustian pride that humanity can manipulate, dominate, even annihilate nature† (57). When the Russians and the Americans in Dr. Strangelove developed their own military hardware in order to upstage the enemy and scare them into submission they demonstrated the characteristics of this mutation. Because of the belief that man can dominate nature, these weapons were made to possess qualities that rivalled the greatest strength of the natural world. Hence, should the enemy ever attack, they could immediately launch a counter-attack and prove their superiority. The will to dominate and annihilate nature is not the only characteristic of this moral mutation. Egocentrism plays a focal point in this mutation, for it fuels the foolishness of the characters and magnifies their ignorance. Dr. Hoenikker announced that he saw himself as a child that allowed curiosity to get the better of him and strove to study anything that caught his interest. All his studies he did for himself and he seemed to have no regard for others: he did not take good care of his wife who turned her back on everything for him; he pulled out Angela from school because he wanted someone to take care of him; and he never considered the effects of his inventions, he saw them only as playthings and never thought of the consequences that will affect the lives of millions of people. Westfahl interprets this as a jab at notion that the scientist can be relieved of responsibility in developing such instruments because he is only interested in science and not in wealth and fame (957). After his death, his children distributed the ice-nine between themselves, as he had neglected to keep such a dangerous substance in an appropriate place. The children used the seed crystal to suit their own wants, provided warring powers with the weapon and caused the apocalypse. General Jack D. Ripper acts as the Dr. Hoenikker of Dr. Strangelove. He allowed a theory that he had formed out of sexual fatigue to dictate his decisions as a general; he was too confident in his analysis of the situation and stubbornly stood by his actions, not bothering to consult with other officials. In the last stages before the explosions, he never checked on how the people around him were doing and only worried of what will become of him should his building be stormed and his enemies come after him. In the end, he chose to save himself rather than face the consequences of his actions. The two texts present the end of the world in a manner of a ticking bomb. The countdown in Cat’s Cradle starts after the reader is made aware that the events presented lead to the unfortunate end. In Dr. Strangelove, the countdown is in the form of time-measure; the length of time it would take for the B-52s to reach their targets thus activating the doomsday device. Looking at the two texts, the direct causes of the end of the world stand on a far distance from the other. Dr. Strangelove’s tension before the cataclysm was between two world powers, and elements that sprout from this tension eventually sprouted the doom. The film’s end was caused by the actions of people and abrupt: showing only scenes of the bomb explosions but none of what happened after. Perhaps this hinted that nothing survived after the event and it was truly the there were no more stories to tell. In Cat’s Cradle, what caused the end was the body of a dictator of a small island which nobody wanted to rule. The narrator believed that this was destined and all that he experienced were pointing to that event and to his destiny after the apocalypse. As he still had something to accomplish after the ice-nine incident, Jonah kept accounts of what had happened up until the point he meets Bokonon face to face. The two texts tackle different viewpoints regarding scientific development and the participation of people in history. The suggestions and portrayals of Cat’s Cradle may not completely coincide with those of Dr. Strangelove’s, but similarities still exist between the two texts. Dewey, Joseph. In a dark time: the apocalyptic temper in the American novel of the nuclear age. Indiana: Purdue University Press. 1990. Dr Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb . Dir. Stanley Kubrick. Perf. Peter Sellers, George C. Scott, Slim Pickens, Sterling Hayden, James Earl Jones. 1964. DVD. Columbia Pictures, 2004. mininova. Cat’s Cradle. 1 June 2009. Westfahl, Gary. The Greenwood encyclopedia of science fiction and fantasy: themes, works, and wonders. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. 2005.

How does Steinbeck present the American Dream in ‘Of Mice And Men’ Essay

The American Dream is the term used for the dream that all American people share particularly during The Grate Depression. It could be argued that all the characters in the novel share this dream. The American Dream was a dream that nearly everyone had throughout the twentieth century. It was hope for a better life and people believed strongly that it would come true. The main characters in ‘Of Mice & Men’ have a dream which was to get a plot of land and live on it and become self-sufficient. The American Dream was not an achievable goal for many people. Steinbeck shows this failure through the characters of Lennie & George. We first heard about The American Dream when Lennie and George were sitting by the river at the beginning of the book. Their dream was one of independence. Workers like Lennie and George had no family, no home, and very little control over their lives. They had to do what the boss tells them and they had little to show for it. They only own what they can carry. Therefore, this idea of having such power over their lives is a strong motivation. The dream was a hope that every, rancher had an opportunity for a better life. Lennie and George, the two main characters, had such a dream, â€Å"Some day were gonna get a little place and a couple of acres†. The idea was to get a piece of land, grow crops and have an improved life there. They also new exactly what they were aiming for and what they wanted. Because of the World Depression at the time this dream seemed non-realistic, as no one had any money and people were struggling to get jobs. They all thought the dream would provide them with a better life, more money and a sense as belonging. The dream gave them a feeling of happiness and hope. The dream was also used as a source of comfort, Lennie would craftily use the dream to comfort George when he was angered, and George would bribe Lennie with the dream ‘But you ain’t gonna get in to no trouble, because if you do, I wont let you tend the rabbits.’ Later on in the story Candy joins in with the dream, this makes the dream seem more realistic, instead of just fooling themselves. This gives candy freedom and hope because without a job he would have no future. Apart from that he has all the same reasons as George and Lennie to want a ranch, (hope, success, happiness etc). Curly’s wife also tells us about her dream in the book. Her dream is different to the ranch workers; he dream is a typical woman’s dream to become famous in the movies. This was really all the women could do at the time, she was hoping for glamour and attention, to improve her status and have some independence. The reason for wanting the dream seems the same for everyone in the book even though they are different ‘types’ of people. We know that the dream is not realistic because crooks tells us and we believe crooks because he’s intelligent. We know this because in the description of his room it is said that he has books on his shelves. Crooks also tells us about his dream in the story and it practically identical to the others dreams. When Whit brings in the pulp magazine with the letter written by Bill Tenner, the men are all very impressed. They are not certain that Bill wrote the letter, but Whit is convinced he did, and tries to convince the others. In the transient life of these workers, it is rare to leave any kind of permanent mark on the world. In this letter Bill Tenner has achieved some of the immortality the other men cannot imagine for themselves. I think this upsets the workers a bit and makes them long for their dreams to come true even more In the conclusion of the story everyone’s dreams have been shattered. The dream is ported as a brutal struggle. And in impossible goal to achieve, this is showed in all characters but most in the two characters Lennie and George.

Battle of Saratoga Essays - United States, Battles Of Saratoga

Battle of Saratoga Essays - United States, Battles Of Saratoga Battle of Saratoga Battleof Saratoga In the summer of 1777, over 7,200 British soldiers under the command of Lieutenant General John Burgoyne departed Quebec down the Hudson River to ?sever the head of the rebellion? (Department of Military Science, 2006). In the British?s path were 7,000 poorly trained and poorly equipped American soldiers under the command of Major General Horatio Gates. These two Armies would meet and do battle in Saratoga, New York. Many battles during the Revolutionary War were either won or lost by the Armies that fought in them and military tactics played a role in each battle?s outcome. One battle, however, sticks out as the turning point for American forces that turned the tide of war in their favor. This essay will discuss some of the military tactics used to win the Battle of Saratoga which helped to determine the fate of the United States. First it is important to understand that ?the success at Saratoga gave France the confidence in the American cause to enter the war as an American ally? (ushistory.org, 2012). Without this victory the American cause would not have been successful as the French would not have offered much needed financial and military assistance. For this reason, the Battle of Saratoga is known as ?the turning point of the Revolutionary War? (ushistory.org, 2012). Additionally it is important to understand what military tactics are. Military tactics can be defined as: ?the techniques for using weapons and military units in combination for engaging an enemy on the battlefield in an effort to defeat that enemy? (M. Smith, personal communication, September 17, 1997). Some practices have not changed since the dawn of warfare: ambushes, counterattacks, reconnaissance, creating and using obstacles and defenses, and controlling the supply chain are all tactics still used today. The use of the terrain to the best advantage has not changed much; neither has the use of elevation and natural cover which will all be discussed later in this essay. The first military tactic that will be discussed is the reconnaissance. The reconnaissance is a vital tactic used by military leaders that help them to understand the situation and better prepare for contact with the enemy. Reconnaissance can be defined as ?the process of obtaining information about the position, activities, resources, etc, of an enemy or potential enemy? (reconnaissance, 2012). Good reconnaissance led to the American?s detaching 1000 men (commanded by Major General Benedict Arnold) that engaged and defeated the British force (commanded by Brigadier General Barry St. Leger) along the Mohawk River. It is important to note that BG St. Leger?s forces retreated back into Canada and were not present for the battle of Saratoga. By understanding the importance of the reconnaissance tactic the Americans were able ?to thwart St. Leger's eastward advance along the Mohawk River? (Department of Military Science, 2006), and deny LTG Burgoyne much needed supplies and reinforcement s. By knowing what the British were doing, MG Gates was able to ?set the stage? for the Battle of Saratoga in the American?s favor. Another military tactic that had a significant impact on the Battle of Saratoga is the control of the supply chain. If a military unit is stretched too thin or out paces its supply chain, the unit will lose its combat power or the ability to take the fight to the enemy. During the Battle of Saratoga, ?American general Schuyler proceeded to burn supplies and crops in the line of Burgoyne's advance so that the British were forced to rely on their ever-longer and more and more unreliable supply line to Canada? (ushitory.org, 2012). This is one example of how to effectively disrupt the enemy?s supply chain. Other examples would be to ambush or raid enemy supply wagons in order to deny the enemy vital supplies such as food, water, ammunition, and gun powder. The negative effects of denying the British supplies during the battle of Saratoga were evident during the battles. It is also important to note that Burgoyne was unsuccessful at raiding the American?s supply depot at Bennington, Verm ont. British LTG Burgoyne was ?Overextended, cut off from supply routes, and with demoralized forces (Department of Military Science, 2006). So the military tactic of disrupting the enemies supply chain was one

Dulce et Decorum est by Owen and The Charge of the Light Brigade by Tennyson Essay Example

Dulce et Decorum est by Owen and The Charge of the Light Brigade by Tennyson Essay Example Dulce et Decorum est by Owen and The Charge of the Light Brigade by Tennyson Essay Dulce et Decorum est by Owen and The Charge of the Light Brigade by Tennyson Essay Essay Topic: Poetry The two poems I will be analysing are `Dulce et Decorum est by Owen and `The Charge of the Light Brigade by Tennyson. Tennyson and Owen have very different views on war, I think that it is important to look at their reasons for writing the poems, and their backgrounds. Tennyson was poet laureate, and therefore a high profile figure, and expected to write poems. He came from an aristocratic background, and had a higher-class family than Owen. He did not see war for himself; he simply read a newspaper article and wrote his poem as a result of that. His information was secondary, and therefore ubject to bias, that was beyond his control. Owen had a much different upbringing, he came from a working class family, but managed to go to university, which was unusual at that time, for working class people. He was a soldier, and had first hand experience of the reality of war, so his information on which he based his poem was primary, and we can assume it was probably much more true to the reality of war. Owen wrote his poem out of a desire to communicate the horror of war to those who still believed that it was glorious and honourable, as promoted by Tennysons poem. The two views on war held by Tennyson and Owen could not be more different. Tennyson believes that the valiant and courageous should be remembered for dying in that war, on the other hand Owen is adamant that no more young boys be sent to somewhere as abhorrent as that, without knowing the truth. He knows that a lot of propaganda is prevalent, and wishes that they made up their own mind about whether they want to fight, rather than be forced, or coerced into something that they will regret. Tennyson uses a strict rhythm and structure, while Owen uses numerous similes and a much slower speed, to encapsulate his perception of war. Half a league, half a league, Half a league onward, This rhythm is set from the first two lines and last until the very end of the poem. In my opinion it reflects the strict regimentation of the soldiers, and the rhythm of the horses galloping towards their destination. It is designed to make the reader feel a sense of power and glory, disregarding the facts of the situation, that there was a terrible massacre of the English armys finest soldiers. Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Owens poem is much more ironic, in that the poem is called `Dulce et Decorum est which is Latin for `it is sweet and fitting so he first line of the poem is a strong and shocking contrast, moreover the title is very ironic, as it was quite a common saying at the time, and he has named his poem after it, and then goes on to describe the atrocities of war, the exact opposite of the title. His similes metaphors are very effective, and in this simile he also uses alliteration, to emphasize the pain and suffering that the men endured. The fact that the British army were in this grave position was bad enough, but that they were `like old beggars is the ultimate disgrace to the army that was arrogant enough to believe that they were unbeatable. This was poignant at the time he wrote the poem. Tennyson does use metaphors, but a minority in comparison to Owen, who uses many highly effective similes and metaphors. `Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, Here Owen continues to create an image of the downfall of the mighty army, and how poor they are now. He compares them to `hags, which implies witches and the ugliness of war, and what it has made of them. He uses the word `we reminding the reader that he was one of those soldiers, and that he knows what is was like to be in that situation, going through the hell that those soldiers were suffering. The word `sludge gives the feeling of biting cold, and thick mire that made even walking difficult. Owen makes it very easy for us to imagine the plight of these poor men. `All in the valley of Death Rode the six hundred. Here Tennyson uses a metaphor that is effective on its own, but is also from the bible, Psalm 23. This brings a religious angle to the poem now, and that God is on the side or the Light Brigade, against the enemy. He the writes `Rode the six hundred which is repeated throughout the poem, and in fact there were more like seven hundred and fifty men in the Light Brigade, but Tennyson only chose to ay six hundred, maybe to make them seem more heroic because there were less of them, or possibly just for poetic licence, to keep the strong, pulsating rhythm. Tennysons poem moves very rapidly, and does not dwell on the consequences, where as Owen focuses on the consequences. Tennyson tries to whip up enthusiasm, without a thought for the reality of what is happening. ` `Forward the Light Brigade! Charge for the guns! he said: Tennyson creates an image of the Light Brigade approaching their target in a very commanding and impressive stampede, almost regal in their stature. The adrenaline rush that the soldiers were eeling was very important, to make sure that they did not become discouraged, and the generals would shout instructions to keep them motivated and rapt in what they were doing, and that is what Tennyson is writing about here, the sheer determination of the Light Brigade. His use of exclamation marks conveys the atmosphere of the charge to the reader. `Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots But limped on, blood-shod This imagery uses a metaphor in `men marched asleep and also alliteration, to give the slow plodding feel of the soldiers walking on in the ghastly conditions. Use of the words `blood-shod s excellent imagery as it has a meaning that they were shod with blood and the similarity of sounds gives an enhanced mental image of the scene that Owen was recounting. Owens poem does pick up pace when he talks about a gas attack, which contrasts with the rest of the poem, and Tennyson writes briefly about the fact that a mistake had been made, but the soldiers carried on, regardless. `Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets just in time; Owen describes the slow plodding side to the war previously, and here contrasts it to the extreme with a gas attack that forces hem all into action. He uses capitals for the word `Gas, showing the pure desperation in which they had to save themselves. Gas was one of the most horrible ways to die, and it was not a swift death, so it was extremely feared among the soldiers, making this section of the poem all the more dramatic and contrasting to the rest of it. He uses the word `ecstasy, which is usually associated with pleasure, but in this case it is the `fumbling, to put on their gas masks, which makes it all the more noticeable and effectual. Tennyson does hint about the mistakes of the generals, and hat the soldiers knew about it, but then he reinforces his point, of patriotism and loyalty, regardless of the cost. Owen focuses on one particular man, who is unfortunate, and treats him as an individual, not the generalisation of Tennyson. `And floundering like a man in fire or lime Here Owen creates a scene of a man who had not fitted his gas mask in time, and is suffering the consequences of the gas attack. He uses the word `floundering to describe the way he is moving in this simile, and gets the reader to visualise a man in fire or lime, a horrible enough image in itself, but that only describes is movement. Not though the soldier knew someone had blundered: Theirs not to make reply, Theirs not to reason why, Theirs but to do and die: Tennyson gives a glimpse of what had really happened in the battle, and that it was a farce, but then backs it up with one of the most effective sections in the poem, where the repetition of the `Theirs not to and the rhythm of the passage speeds up the whole poem, into a similar frenzy that the soldiers would be worked into by the adrenaline of the battle. They had no say in the orders in those days, and to answer back to a superior was unheard of, you just ollowed your orders, and did not question them. Tennyson uses repetition again to show the odds faced by the brave soldiers, and how they pressed on regardless. Owen recounts his personal view of what happened to a real person, which is very effective as it gets the reader to envision the revulsion felt by the other soldiers, looking on this incident. Cannon to the right of them, Cannon to the left of them, Cannon in front of them Volleyed and thundered; Tennyson successfully accentuates the dire predicament that the soldiers are obliged to undertake. He uses the repetition of the hrase, with the same rhythm to underline the hectic feeling of the Light Brigade, as the ride towards their formidable enemy. `Dim through the misty panes and thick green light, As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. Here Owen uses a simile, then goes on to use it as a metaphor. He describes the eerie colour of the gas as `misty panes, and `thick green light, which, combined with the fact that he is in acute pain gives a terrifying and harrowing account of the abhorrent way that men died in the war. The reader gets the impression that Owen feels guilty and helpless, all he can do is be a bystander, and ait for the pitiable man to die. Owen uses astounding onomatopoeic language, among very effective similes and metaphors. Tennyson explains to the world the bravery and courage it took to do what they did. He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. Owen selection of language is impeccable for its intention, as he uses the word `guttering, to describe the way the man sounded before he died, and it does so remarkably. It is onomatopoeic, and very convincing that it was in fact the final `plunge, of a dying man. He also continues his metaphor of the man `drowning, in the gas. Charging and army, while All the world wondered: Tennyson is writing his poem for the world to read, so in a sense, it is to the reader, without having to directly say it, he implies it. He tells the reader that they charged the army for valour and honour, not because of a well-informed decision, but because they were so dedicated to their cause that they were willing to lay down their lives for their country. He acknowledges that it seems strange to charge an army, when you are armed only with sabres, and you are riding a horse, when they are armed with cannons, but he encourages he reader to join his perspective, that it was a valiant charge, and they should be honoured for it. Tennyson gets the reader to be patriotic too, as he tells of the amazing attack that the Light Brigade made, even with the odds against them. Owen describes the awful disrespect for the dead, which became so because of the normality of somebody dying, which is horrific, that a person can die without anyone bothering or taking the time to be respectful to him. `Plunged in the battery-smoke Right through the line they broke; Cossack and Russian Reeled from the sabre-stroke, Tennyson has already inferred that they were fighting a attle that they were not going to win, but regardless they fought on gallantly. It is very surprising that they did actually break through the Russian line of defence, and it was amazing that they got that far, but colossal losses were made to the Light Brigade, without doing a proportionate amount of damage to the Russians. Tennyson uses three rhyming endings out of four lines, which speeds the pace of the poem up to its maximum, and makes it mirror the frenzied attack on the mighty Russians. The Russians and Cossacks were renowned for their mercilessness and brutality, moreover there were many more Russians han there were Light Brigade. All of this contributes to Tennysons image of how gallant the attack was. If in some smothering dreams you too could pace Behind the wagon we flung him in, And watch his white eyes writhe in his face, Owen uses alliteration to give emphasis to the dream image, of being suffocated and smothered and mauled by the dream, he makes the reader liken this to what he has to endure, recalling all of the horrific scenes of the war, day after day. He challenges the readers to ask themselves if they could walk behind that wagon, and watch his writhing eyes, and knowing that you have no time to pay proper respect o them, moreover it could be you in that wagon next, or your best friend. He uses the word `flung, to show how carelessly the dead were dealt with, and the impersonality with which they had to be treated. The soldiers were desensitised to the horror now, but still the memories, and nightmares remained. This particular incident seems to have been one that particularly affected Owen, and he uses this as an example of how every soldier would have similar ghastly and atrocious recollections of the war that would haunt them for the rest of their lives. It is no longer a recounting of his experiences, but t now involves the reader, and confronts their own views on war. They have to revaluate what they think of war, and whether they would be willing to go themselves, or in most cases send their sons, husbands and fathers. This is hugely effective, for the sheer fact that it is unfeasible to read the poem and not take on board what Owens point is, and that he feels so strongly about it that he has to convey to the general public. Owen uses vivid language to express what he believes to be the reality of war. Tennyson steers attention away from pain and death, and asks that everyone honour them, regardless of whether they ied or not. His hanging face, like devils sick of sin; If you could hear at every jolt, the blood Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs, Owen has already challenged the reader about whether they could be the ones that fling the man into the wagon, then whether they could be the ones that watch him in the wagon, now Owen brings in yet another sense, whether the reader could listen to `the blood come gargling from the froth corrupted lungs, He challenges the reader in so many ways which makes it more efficient at achieving the emotion that he wants the reader to feel. This conveys Owens views of war to he reader skilfully and efficiently. His use of a simile is one of the most effective in the poem; he uses a spiritual and hellish simile, which also incorporates alliteration, to give it a raspy, evil sound. The image created here is truly evil and foul, and I think that this summarises Owens feelings about war quite well, it is now clear to the reader what Owen is trying to communicate, and why. Stormed at with shot and shell, While horse and hero fell, They that had fought so well, Tennyson comments on the prowess of their adversary, as they are still firing at them when they are trying to retreat, and mentions hat soldiers have died, but he uses the word `fell, to take the attention away from the fact that they have died, and he wants the reader to focus on the glory of it all, in addition to that they should be seen as heroes whether they died of not. Tennyson and Owens poems both reach their climaxes in terms of their dramatic language and dev ices. These make the point that each writer is making stick in the minds of the reader. `When can their glory fade? O, the wild charge they made! Here Tennyson uses a rhetorical device, to infer to the public that the glory of the soldiers, dead or alive should never be orgotten. Tennyson glamorises the whole image of war, and makes the glory of it the focal point, without mentioning the pain, suffering and death, which seems to be a large omission in my opinion, as that is a large part of the reality of war. Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud Of vile incurable sores on innocent tongues, Owen uses the word `obscene, which is often used in a different context, but here it makes the point that it is so foul, what he sees before him that he does not even want to look at it. He writes that it is `bitter, which provides a perfect expression of the ay that he feels about this scene. By writing about innocent tongues, he is implying that the men that are fighting the war are innocent; it is th e superiors and government that are the guilty ones, the ones that command the armies. Here, the soldiers have to live with the consequences, rather than the people who are really to blame. Nobody can bring the dead back to life, or undo what has been done, so that is why Owen calls the it `incurable, which is really a main theme of his poem, that what has been done is done, and all this suffering is not even their fault, it is simply paying the price for thers shortcomings. The last lines of each poem summarise perfectly the two views on war held by these two writers. My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old Lie: Dulce et Decorum est Pro patria mori. Owen is fighting the views of such people who think that to go to war is honourable, the exact opposite of the intention of Tennysons poem. He uses irony in his poem, as the title simply means `It is sweet and fitting, where as at the end he clarifies what he really means, and what he really thinks about war. He has experienced war for himself, and does not want others to have such a horrific burden placed upon them without being fully informed of the great hardships to be endured in doing so. He calls it `The old Lie, which is a very strong statement to make against a saying that people genuinely believe in, with which he intentionally shocks the reaHe also says `My friend, this is applicable to everybody, not just to select people, and the reader knows that. `Honour the charge they made! Honour the Light Brigade, Noble six hundred! Tennysons use of exclamation marks makes his point very lear. This poignant ending commands the public to follow his views on war, and instructs them to honour the whole six hundred, whether they returned or not. Tennyson writes with one clear aim, that patriotism is instilled in every person who reads it, and does not doubt his or her country. He uses repetition to make his point all the more clear and concise. His poem is mainly propaganda, and is not supposed to be used as a historical account of the battle, but as a symbol of the bravery of the soldiers, and a monument to their glory, that in Tennysons opinion should never fade.

Leísmo and the Use of Le in Spanish

Leà ­smo and the Use of 'Le' in Spanish Do you always follow the rules of proper English in your speaking and writing? Probably not. So it probably would be too much to ask native Spanish speakers to do the same. And thats especially true when it comes to using pronouns such as le and lo. When it comes to breaking the rules of Spanish - or at least of varying from standard Spanish - there are probably no rules that are broken more often than those involving third-person object pronouns. The rules are broken so often that there are three common names for variations from whats considered normal, and the Spanish Royal Academy (the official arbiter of what is proper Spanish) accepts the most common variation from the norm but not others. As a Spanish student, youre normally best off learning, knowing and using standard Spanish; but you should be aware of variations so they dont confuse you and, ultimately, so you know when its OK to deviate from what you learn in class. Standard Spanish and Objective Pronouns The chart below shows the third-person objective pronouns that are recommended by the Academy and are understood by Spanish speakers everywhere. Number and gender Direct object Indirect oject singular masculine ("him" or "it") lo (Lo veo. I see him or I see it.) le (Le escribo la carta. I am writing him the letter.) singular feminine ("her" or "it") la (La veo. I see her or I see it.) le (Le escribo la carta. I am writing her the letter.) plural masculine ("them") los (Los veo. I see them.) les (Les escribo la carta. I am writing them the letter.) plural feminine ("them") las (Las veo. I see them.) les (Les escribo la carta. I am writing them the letter.) In addition, the Academy allows the use of le as a singular direct object when referring to a male person (but not a thing). Thus I see him could correctly be translated as either lo veo or le veo. Substituting le for lo is known as leà ­smo, and this recognized substitution is extremely common and even preferred in parts of Spain. Other Types of Leà ­smo While the Academy recognizes le as a singular direct object when referring to a male person, that isnt the only type of leà ­smo you may hear. While the use of les as a direct object when referring to multiple persons is less common, it also is frequently used and is listed as a regional variation in some grammar texts despite what the Academy may say. Thus you may hear les veo (I see them) when referring to males (or a mixed male/female group) even though the Academy would recognize only los veo. Although less common than either of the above variations, in some regions le also can be used as a direct object instead of la to refer to females. Thus, le veo might be said for either I see him or I see her. But in many other areas, such a construction might be misunderstood or create ambiguity, and you should probably avoid using it if youre learning Spanish. In some areas, le may be used to denote respect when used as a direct object, especially when speaking to the person le refers to. Thus, one might say quiero verle a usted (I want to see you) but quiero verlo a Roberto (I want to see Robert), although -lo would technically be correct in both instances. In areas where le can substitute for lo (or even la), it frequently sounds more personal than the alternative. Finally, in some literature and older texts, you may see le used to refer to an object, thus le veo for I see it. Today, however, this usage is considered substandard. Loà ­smo and Laà ­smo In some areas, parts of Central America and Colombia in particular, you may hear lo and la used as indirect objects instead of le. However, this usage is frowned on elsewhere and is probably best not imitated by people learning Spanish. More About on Objects The distinction between direct and indirect objects isnt quite the same in Spanish as it is in English, and thus the pronouns that represent them are sometimes called accusative and dative pronouns, respectively. Although a full listing of the differences between English and Spanish objects is beyond the scope of this article, it should be noted that some verbs use dative (indirect object) pronouns where the English would use a direct object. One common such verb is gustar (to please). Thus we correctly say le gusta el carro (the car pleases him), even though the English translation uses a direct object. Such usage of le is not a violation of the formal rules of Spanish or a true example of leà ­smo, but rather shows a different understanding of how some verbs function.

The technical procedures behind Peter Andrea's reality TV show on ITV Essay

The technical procedures behind Peter Andrea's reality TV show on ITV in the UK - Essay Example A cameraman,also known as camera operator,handles television cameras or films to record scenes for motion pictures,newscasts,live events and reality TV shows.As part of the camera crew,a cameraman works hand in hand with actors,reality show hosts,directors and other members of production team in making both technical and creative decisions As part of the camera crew, a cameraman works hand in hand with actors, reality show hosts, directors and other members of production team in making both technical and creative decisions. Basically, cameramen records events taking place for broadcasting purposes.They do so by using technical aspects of lenses, zooms, filters and other different aspects to capture scenes as per the required standards. In addition, it is the duty of a cameraman to test, clean and maintain the cameras. In this vein, they must critically analyse different potential challenges likely to be faced during filming and give advice to other members of the filming crew on the appropriate lighting, set-up and angles to set-up the cameras (Shepherd, St. John & Striphas, 2006). A cameraman can work in different settings including production studios, sports venues and television studios as well as in private events such as weddings. In this respect, the equipment used depends on the type of video being taken. For instance, filming live broadcast will mostly use stationary cameras while on the other hand recording involving motions that are recorded using track-mounted or crane mounted cameras to capture scenery and movement. Further, cameramen perform video editing using variety of computer programs. This means that those who wishes to venture into this career must be knowledgeable not only on electronic, media production and computer hardware, but also possess soft skills for different computer programs. They should also be efficient problem solvers, creative thinkers and with ability to evaluate details analytically. In this regards, this paper seeks to ex plore cameraman career in a reality TV show. Equipment To produce quality photography and films as a cameraman, latest high definition equipments are paramount. They should also be maintained to high standards. They include high definition camera for taking photographs and recording shows, and chimera sofbox for providing light. According to Livingstone (1990), Chimera sofbox is highly preferred due to its ability to generate beautiful soft light used to light presenters and interviewees. Other equipments include grip equipment for holding cameras, sound kit with two headsets for sound recording, additional lenses and a van in the event of transporting the equipment. Academic Training A bachelor’s degree is recommended for those wishing to venture in video and reality shows. Cameraman career can be achieved by pursuing a degree in video production that takes between two to four years. During this period, students are trained in-depth on sound and concept development, lighting , editing, storyboarding and more importantly motion graphics. In addition, the course covers video manipulation, basic editing, lighting and field production, sound for video and production management. Students can also train in use of software such as final cut Pro or Photoshop. Further, a student who wishes to further education can consider taking Bachelor of Arts in Television Production. Through this program, students will learn theory, history and basic forms of production. In addition, course work could include sound and picture editing, media research, broadcast news gathering, broadcast writing, visual design, advanced television production, media law and telecommunications management. Even though a cameraman requires some form of training; an individual interested in this career should be eager to learn more and with the right attitude towards the profession. In addition, a career as a cameraman requi

Red Light Camera Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Red Light Camera - Speech or Presentation Example They can give you humble time on the roads, or they make your journey appear long. People affected by road accident can be your friends, relatives, acquaintances and even you. Road safety is paramount to each society in regards to the high number of road carnage that results from violation of traffic rules (Phantom 96). To reduce the number of road accidents in our roads and to ensure that the traffic law breakers are identified and prosecuted, a device that gives evidence over the law breakers has been devised Do you know what they are? They are traffic gadgets that at one point or another you have to encounter them while you are driving- the Red Light Cameras. II. Orientation Phase: A. Point: Today, I want to give you some guidelines on the importance of the red light cameras and discuss the advantages of the red light camera in the traffic system. B. Adaptation: A good number of us drive or will drive over our roads at some point in time. Understanding the red light camera and its advantages in the traffic system is not only important for the those driving over the roads but also for the safety of all other road users and a smooth traffic and order in our roads (Cobra 143). The red light camera can be an important component of traffic enhancement that would serve to guide us in observing the traffic. This is possible only if we get the right motive of the red light cameras and understanding how they work. C. Credibility: the red light camera can be a traffic device you come to love and enjoy their functionality as you drive over the roads or they can become your worst traffic devices as they can land you into several traffic offenses if you fail to understand them. The red light cameras are completely computerized devices that avail the necessary evidence to the concerned authorities for justice to be done on the traffic law violators (Phantom 96). When a road user for instance a motorist, speeds through the intersection of the red light,

Case Study Foreign Direct Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Case Study Foreign Direct Investment - Essay Example Continuous growth is essential for company’s survival in the interest of its investors and work force. Hence, this reports addresses strategy development directions in this regard. The idea of growth should be one of the business objectives. The company needs to engage in strategy development so as to create competitive advantage over its competitors. The strategy development is important as it should be difficult for the competitors to replicate. Collaboration with business partners or the stake holders such as the company’s suppliers, distributors and customers is a guarantee creating a competitive advantage which the competitors cannot easily emulate (Campbel, Stonehouse, & Houston, 2002) Different strategies to achieve competitive advantage are 1) knowledge-based strategy, 2) generic strategy 3) hybrid strategy and 4) core competence/distinctive capability/resource-based strategy. Organizations generally will select one of the strategies and incorporate value-adding activities in support of the strategy selected. These strategies are briefly explained (Campbel, Stonehouse, & Houston, 2002). ... Tacit knowledge is that which cannot be stored being mostly of individual experiences of experts. This is also not possible to be copied by the competitors (Demarest, 1997). There should be at least three types of knowledge available within firms. They are know-how, know-why and know-what referring to practical knowledge, theoretical knowledge and strategic knowledge respectively. All these combine to form core competencies of a firm. Generic strategies are the well known Michael Porter’s generic strategy frame work that explains the competitive advantage of a firm. (Campbel, Stonehouse, & Houston, 2002). Hybrid strategy is the combination of knowledge strategy and generic strategy. Lastly, the core competency strategy which is nothing but the essence of the firm’s vast experience in the tradional activity the firm has been engaged in. Ansoff’s matrix will also serve to give the proper direction for the company’ s future activity. In view of the saturated market in Europe, the only way out for XYZ Plc is to seek greener pastures abroad. Developing countries are the niche market for automobiles because the globalization has improved the standard of living for the people therein resulting in creation of demand for automobiles. Markets for automobiles in these countries has not yet saturated. These countries are attractive not only within the context of domestic market for automobiles but also the savings in wages by almost 65 per cent. The countries offering huge opportunities for investment are China and India, the world’s two largest populated countries. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) These countries have benefited a lot from the inward FDI flowing in continuously. India especially has survived the economic crisis that

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Research Paper Example Usually, views on contraception varying from positive to radically negative depend directly on religious views and beliefs. However, â€Å"demographic policies and cultural efforts along with other factors can only be effective in birth control when contraception methods are used† (Dezhkam & Darvishi Tafvizi). In fact, this means that family planning and at least partial freedom in fertility help people to create firm family ties, preserve good health of women and children, and prevent undesirable pregnancies. In this area, various denominations have their own specific opinions regarding different aspects of the issue, and I would like to focus on Islam’s attitude towards birth control and religion in order to provide general overview and demonstrate that even this fundamental religion has rather reason in its attitude towards birth control. In Islam, the core belief about family is that marriage, family and relations between women and men are initially intended to serve for procreation. Thus, Muslims see the primary purpose of their sexual relationships in procreation and conceiving a child. Numerous researches even draw parallels between higher fertility of Muslims and lower freedom in birth control given to women (Morgan et al.). However, the key holy scripture of the religion, Quran, contains no direct and explicit statements about birth control and moral aspects of contraception, yet it forbids killing one’s own children â€Å"for fear of want† and strongly encourages procreation and marriage. As a result, this creates ambiguity in perception of family planning and contraception use in Muslim society: some scholars advocate for it, whereas others argue that all family planning methods should be banned. Opponents of birth control believe that it is God’s prerogative to decide on the number of ch ildren in the family. On the other hand, contraception advocates appeal to the precedents of coitus interruptus use (also called ‘azl), which is believed to

The Effects of Teacher Morale on Student Learning and Performance Research Paper

The Effects of Teacher Morale on Student Learning and Performance - Research Paper Example There are many reasons that can direct effects on morale of the teacher. For example, if the school management does not involve teachers in their decision making process, increased duties, limited assistance and the low salaries paid to highly educated teachers (Houchard, 2005). Moreover, the public criticism and ignorance by the students due to the parents support may also affect the morale of a teacher directly. Due to that, many of the teachers left this profession and even I am seriously considering leaving this profession due to the low morale. On the other hand, I have to complete the session with my students at school. While, I could easily provide meaningful learning to my students, but the low morale is affecting willingness, because of the school administration. In the studies by one source, morale is defined as it is the feeling of a worker that is based on the job and feeling about the job (Rowland, 2008). That feeling can be a mental attitude and emotional attitude. Likewise, teachers’ morale is also based on their feeling about their jobs and duties, which are most important to build the future of a student (Whitaker, Whitaker, & Lumpa, 2013). Since, I am a victim of low morale in the teaching career therefore, this action report aimed to seek out the empirical evidence on the relationship between teacher’s morale and its effects on the student’s performance, learning and achievements. During the past 15 years and so, the teacher’s education research helped in significant strides while studying the relationship between teacher’s morale, practices, beliefs impacts and student’s achievements. The significance of the teacher’s morale can be established through the performance and learning of the students; the benefits can easily figure out by the achievement levels of students. In the literature, there are many research studies conducted by many scholars of educational

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Research Paper Example Usually, views on contraception varying from positive to radically negative depend directly on religious views and beliefs. However, â€Å"demographic policies and cultural efforts along with other factors can only be effective in birth control when contraception methods are used† (Dezhkam & Darvishi Tafvizi). In fact, this means that family planning and at least partial freedom in fertility help people to create firm family ties, preserve good health of women and children, and prevent undesirable pregnancies. In this area, various denominations have their own specific opinions regarding different aspects of the issue, and I would like to focus on Islam’s attitude towards birth control and religion in order to provide general overview and demonstrate that even this fundamental religion has rather reason in its attitude towards birth control. In Islam, the core belief about family is that marriage, family and relations between women and men are initially intended to serve for procreation. Thus, Muslims see the primary purpose of their sexual relationships in procreation and conceiving a child. Numerous researches even draw parallels between higher fertility of Muslims and lower freedom in birth control given to women (Morgan et al.). However, the key holy scripture of the religion, Quran, contains no direct and explicit statements about birth control and moral aspects of contraception, yet it forbids killing one’s own children â€Å"for fear of want† and strongly encourages procreation and marriage. As a result, this creates ambiguity in perception of family planning and contraception use in Muslim society: some scholars advocate for it, whereas others argue that all family planning methods should be banned. Opponents of birth control believe that it is God’s prerogative to decide on the number of ch ildren in the family. On the other hand, contraception advocates appeal to the precedents of coitus interruptus use (also called ‘azl), which is believed to

Fundamentals of Quantitative Research Template Assignment

Fundamentals of Quantitative Research Template - Assignment Example two variables, this study goes ahead to dissect each of variables into its constituents and analyze how these individuals’ constituents relate to the second variable and its constituents. As already mentioned, a cross-sectional sampling technique is adopted for this research. The cross-sectional sampling technique adopted offers room for an all-inclusive study. Undertaking the study across diverse industries, the author brings a wholly representative study with respect to the area covered. Additionally, the sample is large enough to offer a representative sample. Additionally, considering the fact that the study participants are not aware of the study hypothesis, chances of biased occurring is highly diminished (Tzafrir, 2005). Nonetheless, the sample is non-purposive and this could have an impact on its representative of realistic findings of the research. The approach used in collecting the data used in the research suits its context. For starters, it should be mentioned that selecting participants from various organizations as sources of data allowed obtaining of representative data. Additionally, the researchers consider the ethics behind data collection. Although the sample chosen are unaware of the hypothesis of the study, they were well briefed on the research and those willing to, participated on voluntary basis participated in the research. Additionally, collection of primary data offers room for realistic and more current data for analysis. The research took an in-depth measurement of variables. Other than simply measuring the relationship between the two study variables, research further measures various components of the respective study variables. As a matter of fact, this offers room for undertaking an in-depth exploration of the relationship between the variables. It is simply like answering the question as to whether two countries have good relationship and going a step further to explore the area in which the two countries enjoy a good

Money Saving Tips for College Students Essay Example for Free

Money Saving Tips for College Students Essay As for any college student the usual expenses of; school, personal life, food, entertainment, and leisure activities is enough to make you broke or for most of us, in debt. It is Thursday night and the weekend is here but your wallet is full of bank receipts and there is not any cash to been found. Your friend just told you the agenda for the night which involves; dinner, pre-game, party, and then night club. Chances are your staying in for the night unless you have a hidden supply of cash under your bed. This type of scenario is all too common for most college students, which is why I am going to explain in detail how to save and manage your money more effectively. With becoming better educated on how to manage your money properly you will be shocked at the amount of cash you can save. The following tips will help you to save money in the following areas of your college expenses; money management, organization of money, personal life, decision making, jobs, entertainment, leisure activities, food, dating, tuition, and books. Learning how to manage your money and having the proper knowledge on which banks to use with your money is an important part on saving your money. The following bullets will explain in detail on how to effectively manage your money: 1) Track your expenses – By tracking your expenses for 2 weeks to a month will allow you to have a better understanding where your money is going. Are red bulls at the 7-11 and a cappuccino at Starbucks 4 times a week actually needed? You will tend to realize the amount of money wasted on small items that are not necessary. Just by tracking your expenses you will begin to manage your money more effectively. To keep better and more organized track of your money, using a notebook or quicken are great tools to being better organized. Having good records prevents you from spending what you do not have and from over drafting your account. 2) Budget your money – The best way to manage your money over a period of time is to create a budget. Take the time to sit down and look at your incomes and expenses. Examples of income are scholarships, paycheck if working, loans, money saved throughout summer and money from your family. Examples of expenses are books, food, rent, bills, tuition, and entertainment. Create a list of your incomes and expenses, and then decide a way to budget your money from either week to week or month to month. It is important to pace yourself when putting yourself on a budget. If you spend all of your money in the beginning of the month, you will be stuck eating leftovers from the cafeteria for the last week. In addition, it is important to provide yourself with money for leisure and entertainment. You are a college student, it is refreshing to buy yourself something new or have a good time every once and a while. Putting your money on a budget will help you to manage your money very effectively. Remember, you don’t always have to spend the amount you budget yourself. Also, planning ahead is essential when you are properly managing your money. If you know that soon you will be going on a vacation, paying your car insurance, or just an expensive weekend; placing aside $50 a week is more reasonable than coming up with $400 at once. 3) Choosing a bank – Join a credit union. Credit unions are set up as non-profit so they do not charge those high interest rates and hidden fees as, for example, a Bank of America would. Also, look into online banking, this makes for a fast easy to use way of banking. ) Credit Cards – The most helpful tip that I can give to a college student would be to stay away from credit cards. Do not fall into the traps of free giveaway sign up booths, those guys trying to sign you up are only trying to take your money. The reality is that credit card companies see college students as suckers. That is why credit companies swarm campuses and make getting a credit card so easy. These credit companies also charge a high interest rate on these cards. The average interest rate is 18%; this means you will have to pay back an additional 18% on whatever you may purchase. The higher the interest rate, the harder it will be to pay off your bill. It is like a chain reaction that will just continue to bury you in debt. As you can only afford to pay off the minimum, the interest continues to gain as the bill continues to rise. To avoid this, it is important to avoid the temptations that come with having a credit card and to also try to make more than the minimum monthly payments. Although, having a credit card for emergency situations and to build up your credit for the future can be very beneficial. However, for college students reaching for that Visa can be a very hard habit to break. In addition, credit companies will give you a credit line well higher than what you may need. They may set you at a $5,000 credit limit, when you may only be able to afford $1,000. Just call the credit company and tell them the price you would like your credit line set to. With having a credit card it does not mean you can buy whatever you want. It is important to be realistic and to understand what you can and cannot afford. Most expenses tend to occur in the beginning of the school year. To plan accordingly for this, saving money while working your summer job would help to cut the cost of initial expenses. When coming back to school, books and various items for your apartment/dorm are going to be quite costly. To cut cost on buying books, it is often cheaper to buy books offline or off a friend. Buying books online can be easy and up to half the price that it would be in the bookstore. One downside to buying books online is the amount of time it can take for shipping, so be sure to place your order as early as possible. You may also have some friends who have had the same classes before you, buying a book off a friend who is not going to use it anymore can save you a good amount of money. With having the power of the credit card, it is important to keep a focus on what is important. You want to keep your expenses to either academic or personal essentials. It might seem as if the new PS3 is just the item to place on your credit card, but I can assure you it is not. If this may seem as an essential to you then place aside money each week to save and buy that PS3 with cash. When purchasing anything remember cash is king. For most college students; the pressures of going out on the weekend, taking a girl out to dinner, having the latest technology, and still trying to save money can be quite the challenge. Now remember, you’re in college and on your own now, you don’t have your mother yelling at you to brush your teeth before bed or to clean your room. This is an opportunity for you to begin working on your self-discipline. Having your life in order and maintaining a clear head are two things that college students tend to lose sight of. Making the right decisions when it comes to your personal health and responsibilities is an important part of self-discipline. Within this section of personal life I will relate how staying active, eating healthy, nd enjoying your social life can help you to better manage your money. Everyone is in college to better their future and to get prepared for the real-world, but just as any college student, you want to make the best out of your time here. 1)Staying focused and active – Living in dormitory or even in a house with eight roommates, you become very susceptible to catching different illnesses. By staying active and working out or excising several times throughout the week, your immune system will become stronger and fight off most illnesses. Staying in good shape also helps with increasing self-confidence, energy throughout the day, and keeping your mind active and positively focused. In college it is easier to gain the weight than it is to lose if you fall into the outside pressures of drinking, eating fast food, and sleeping all day. With keeping the self-discipline of staying focused and active it helps to keep a clear head which in return will help you to decide what expenses are important and what is a waste of your money. 2)Healthy diet To stay fit and keep your body in good shape, your diet is just as important as your workout. By going to the grocery store once a week and purchasing vegetables, fruits, meats, beverages, and carbohydrates can help you to save close to an additional $50-$100 a week. Not only is cheaper to purchase food at the grocery store but it is much healthier than ordering out or eating fast food. To cut the cost on buying groceries, divide the cost by you and your roommates, buy and share the food. In addition, you will receive more for your money when you purchase weekly groceries. To get the best prices for quality products, look through the newspaper ads for each supermarket and plan out where you can save the most money. Cut back on buying junk food, it is often expensive and is not healthy. If you do decide to eat out, college towns often have restaurants where you order and serve yourself, this cuts on the cost of leaving a tip. The only problem that some college students might have is that they do not know how to shop at the grocery store or how to cook the food. This is where it might be helpful to make a phone call home and get some instructions from your mother. For those that can cook and shop at the grocery store, this is a great way to get more for your money as well as maintain a healthy diet. )Social life – This is often times confused for the reason as to why you are in college. While it may be easy to fall into the trap of going out every weekend and living the party life it is essential to keep focus as to why you are in college. You are here to get an education and better yourself, not to blow all your money on partying and fail out. This is where the significance of self-discip line and managing your money properly should take first priority. Everyone likes to have a good time and enjoy themselves, it is important to keep things in moderation. Learn to limit your vices or â€Å"stress-relievers† (as some college students say) such as, beer, cigarettes, and etc†¦ These vices can be expensive and costly to your health as well. By keeping to your budget and using the allotted amount you give yourself a weekend you can enjoy yourself and still save money. Here are a couple tips on how to keep the expenses of your weekend nights to a minimum; †¢Have a meal before you leave to go out. Leaving the house/dorm hungry can cost you a lot of money that you may not have. †¢Leave your debit card and wallet home. Only bring the money you can afford for the night and your id. This will help to fight the temptations of buying unnecessary items, especially if you are under the influence. †¢If you have friends that have an unlimited bank account and spend lots of cash, try to avoid them and hang with friends that relate to your financial status. You don’t need to spend a lot of money to enjoy yourself in college. The following is a list of inexpensive activities and entertainment for any guy or girl student who is looking to save money and enjoy their social life as well; †¢Newspapers offer listings of inexpensive or free events that are going to take place in your city/town †¢ Going to matinee movies School events, such as sporting events or clubs †¢Spend a day at the local park, go for a walk or fly a kite †¢Bicycle rides with a friend †¢Spending the afternoon baking and relaxing †¢Grab a couple friends and play sports at the school gym †¢Coffee shops often have free local bands play at night †¢Afternoon flea market †¢Depending on the season, apple or pumpkin picking for Halloween, Christmas shopping, Easter decorating or designing eggs, etc†¦ †¢Art gallery Student newspapers often give listings of free events or activities that are taking place around campus †¢Play video games with friends, create tournaments and play for bragging rights †¢Get involved in intramural sports †¢Ladies usually get into clubs for free and get drink specials †¢Go to bars with no cover charge and that have drink specials Throughout college you are going to meet a number of different people, some you will like more than others, and for those you do, you may find yourself taking him or her out on a date. Now for most people, saving money and dating are two notions that don’t connect. For most, on a first date you try to impress and give off the perception that you are not broke or even worse, cheap. To the disbelief of many, dating does not have to be expensive to be impressive, entertaining and unforgettable. Remember, you are trying to stick to a budget and with all other expenses it is challenging enough. The following bullets will explain how to have fun on a date without spending all your cash. †¢Mother Nature – It is all around us everywhere we go, natural scenery is different at every campus and usually the beauty goes unnoticed. A great idea for when the weather is nice is to take him or her down to Narrangansset or Newport and go for a walk on the beach. Take a walk around city blocks and stop somewhere there is nice view overlooking the city. Take time to find these spots at which ever campus you are, this can be extremely cheap and give quality time to build a better relationship. †¢Picnic A picnic in the local park is always a great idea. Bring sandwiches and beverages, it shows that you took the time to actually prepare something. This costs minimal as to what you spend at a restaurant and can be taken almost anywhere. Depending on the mood you are trying to create, you can make a picnic either casual or romantic by adding a few extra accessories. †¢Sporting events – If you get so lucky to find a woman who is interested in sports, this is a great opportunity to either play a sport together or to watch a sporting event at your school. This also allows you to spend quality time with one another as well as have a good time while saving your money. †¢Experience culture and history – In this city there a number of historical buildings, museums, art galleries, cultural centers and landmarks that are either very cheap or free. Often times, there are exhibits that are off campus that have reduced or free admission for college students. This is good for a date on a more intellectual level and gives time to get to know each other as well as the area you are in. †¢Dinner at home – For those of you who are culinary skilled, this is a great opportunity to impress your date and to save the cost of going out to eat. To make the date more interesting, cook the meal together and combine ideas. After the meal, this is a chance to hang out and watch a movie or play a game. This is a great date idea to impress and really have a good time. Miniature golf/go karts – This makes for a great afternoon date and adds a little excitement. Racing each other and fooling around on the race track provides a fun time for one another. In miniature golf, a friendly competition allows to make things more exciting and to fool around. †¢University events – In the school paper, there are listings of events that are taking place for the following week. Usually events are free or reduced admission, which includes concerts, art exhibits, guest speakers, and plays. This can make for a quality date as well as save you money. †¢Coffee houses – Stop at a local coffee shop to relax and have conversation. Coffee is much cheaper than a meal at a restaurant and provides the relaxed atmosphere to get to know each other better. Also, order a dessert and splitting it provides for a romantic experience. Making Money I’ve saved the best for last. If you can master even one of these, you’ll have a head-start on your friends. Master all four, and you’ll be on the road to wealth. No kidding. †¢Spend less than you earn. Don’t earn much? Then don’t spend much. If your spending and income are roughly even, you have two choices: earn more or spend less. When I was in college, I worked as many as four jobs at once. This gave me a lot of spending cash. (Unfortunately, I didn’t do a good job with the spend less part of the equation. ) †¢Be an outstanding employee. Good work habits can pay enormous dividends, leading to recommendations and contacts that you can use after you’re out of school. Several of my classmates turned work-study jobs into launching pads for future careers. †¢Start your own business. Can you install a hard drive? Can you strip a computer of spyware? Can you perform minor car repairs? Do you have a pickup truck you could use to haul furniture? Are you a passable guitar player? Charge cheap rates and exceed expectations. Word will spread. When you’ve built up a customer base, you can raise your rates a little. This is an awesome way to make money. Learn to invest. Find a discount broker and begin making regular investments. Sharebuilder is a great choice for college students. It costs only $4 to make a scheduled stock purchase, and you can invest any amount of money, even $20. Don’t obsess over the details yet. You can worry about high returns and low fees later. Right now the most important thing is to develop the investment habit. (Ad: Buy Stocks for $4 at ShareBuilder. Ten years from now, you’ll thank yourself. If you can find a way to invest $1000 a year for the next ten years, you can set yourself up for life. Organization and Planning Save your receipts. Put them in a shoebox under your bed if you must, but hold onto them. You’ll need to be able to compare them with statements at the end of the month. And some you’ll need to keep for several years. Guard your vital stats. Don’t give out your social security number or your credit card info except to known and trusted sources. Pay your bills on time. Basic advice, but it’s surprising how many people lose track of things. If you pay your bills as they arrive, you won’t have to worry about forgetting them. Tuition Expenses †¢Try looking for scholarships. You may think that youre no longer eligible for scholarships since youre a college student, but this isnt true. Your school or other foundations may offer scholarship programs that can save you loads of money on college tuition. For further information you may want to try www. findaid. org or www. college-scholarships. com. †¢Shop around for student loans. Just like choosing a credit card company, you should try going to different banks to see what types of interest rates are available. You may want to choose the type of loan that begins charging you interest after youre finished with collegenot the type of loan that charges you interest while youre in school. Other Expenses †¢Shop around for a reasonable cell phone plan. Try to find a plan that works best for the type of calls you make the most. Do you call your family or friends most often? Do you need a long distance plan? Do you text message often? †¢Try filling your prescriptions at your schools health center. Sometimes campus health centers will fill your prescriptions for a fraction of the cost of a regular pharmacy. See a doctor on campus. If you feel sick, you may want to consider seeing a doctor or a nurse practitioner on campus. These services are often free. †¢Bike, walk or take the bus to school. These alternatives may help you save money on gas and alleviate some of the stress you may experience trying to park on campus. †¢Go to the on-campus gym. Access to this gym equipment is usu ally free. If you want to take group classes, however, be prepared to pay a fee. http://www. getrichslowly. org/blog/2006/08/30/27-money-tips-for-college-students/

Survival Of The Fittest Philosophy Essay

Survival Of The Fittest Philosophy Essay In the current essay we will review the survival of the fitters, different issues and theories connected with it. Survival of the Fittest is the aphorism, introduced by Herbert Spencer and Darwin said in Origin of Species (1859) as the main factor of the theory of natural selection.  This theory states:  (A) reproduction in any species implies a certain degree of natural variations in results;  (B) Any change that increases the survival ability of some members of the species with respect to the other, deprived of such changes could positively selected for reproduction capabilities;  (C) the millennia, this process led to the development of complex organisms from simple and to the great diversification of the small number of initial organisms.  The concept of survival of the fittest in sociology has described a few cases of apparent consumption, except for Social Darwinism.   The chapter on natural selection overrides Darwin from that point on is: Natural Selection, or The Survival of the Fittest.  Darwin was forced to take this step, since his work On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection directly exposed to allegations of massive appearance was in 1859, with the term Natural Selection is personified nature, as described in Charles Darwin Quotes: Scientific Theory.  The decisive argument for the expanded terminology provided then Darwins supporters Alfred Russel Wallace, who wrote to Darwin, the term Natural Selection, which is actually a metaphorical expression for Herbert Spencers Survival of the Fittest.  Natural Selection is therefore inappropriate, as in the evolution is not so much a beneficiary selection, rather than an elimination of unfavorable individuals occur.  Darwin agreed with this criticism and took over the term.   Fit or fitness describes in Darwins sense of the level of adaptation to the environment (the adaptive specialization), or the reproductive capacity despite low specialization, and not the physical strength and ability in terms of direct competitive displacement with the use of force.  That is not the kind of live that defies all repressed and other species, but one which adapts to either the environment or manages to proliferate continuously in spite of adverse environmental conditions.  On the criticality, the ambiguity and the potential for abuse of Spencers terminology even in the original English language -. Darwin and Thomas Henry Huxley associate at an early stage of the discussion have indicated.  Evolutionary biologists today avoid the term because its current idea of evolution does not adequately describe it.  First, it suggests continuity in the evolution toward ever greater fitness.  Todays species would then be fitter than extinct, which is not the case.  Sec ondly, it ignores the principle of sexual selection. Herbert Spencer coined the term Survival of the Fittest in 1864 in his Principles of Biology and brought him to the debate about Darwins book on the origin of species:   If   Individuals of a species   necessary in countless directions and degrees differ, must   then have to be always less exposed than some other of the risk among all individuals and that their balance by a special force acting   would be completely destroyed.  Ã‚  The inevitable result will be that those individuals whose functions differ most from the equilibrium with the modified aggregate external forces must be destroyed, while the other hand, will live those who are their functions closest to the equilibrium with the modified sets of external forces near. This survival of the fittest   is the same as what Mr. Darwin understood as natural selection. Sometimes, represented in the history of science literature view, Spencer had coined the Survival of the Fittest already in 1851 in his Social Statics or 1852 in his Theory of population, which is not correct in this form, as stated by Charles Darwin.  Spencer took the concept here but not the term for the Survival of t he Fittest in a political-sociological sense.  The term Survival of the Fittest, he brought only in 1864 as described above in the Principles of Biology in the debate over Darwins Origin of Species, as described in Charles Darwins The Origin of Species. Generally speaking, fittest in the fittest is the inventor of the Spencer coined as a result of this struggle for the survival of individuals, in Darwins natural selection theory is naturally defined for each individual   the focus on being adaptable.  You can directly observe the individual organism for which natural selection acts, whether a significant impact on survival is certainly lucky. The survival of the fittest takes place thousands of years is a period of tens of thousands of years, a generational change in mean thousands are expected.   Creationists such as the objections to evolution is a survivor of the fittest, the fittest survive, say the claim cycle theory (or a tautology, tautology), and science are not to argue.  However, this expression is a metaphor for a brief description of the mechanism, the theory does not prove anything.  Biologists generally not use this expression, called natural selection.  And natural selection is supported by the fact that the observed field work and experiments.   The idea that species can change under the action of selection, different scholars have repeatedly expressed since ancient times, including some English writers beginning of the XIX century.  However, widespread acceptance of the concept of natural selection was once in 1858 by British scientist Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace presented in his articles published in the same issue of the Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London.  Zoology, the idea that wildlife is a mechanism, similar to artificial selection, and especially after the publication in 1859 of Darwins Origin of Species.  Sense of their idea is that the emergence of successful creation of nature is not necessarily to understand and analyze the situation and can act at random.  It is enough to create a wide variety of animals and, ultimately, the fittest will survive. Currently, some naive views of Darwin himself turned out to be partially redesigned.Thus, Darwin imagined that the change should happen very smoothly, and the range of variation is continuous, as described in Darwins Theory Of Evolution.  Today, however, the mechanisms of natural selection are explained by genetics, makes for some originality in this sense.  Mutations in the genes that operate at the first stage of the process described above, are discrete changes in the genotype.  Clearly, however, that the basic meaning of Darwins ideas remained unchanged.   There are different classifications of forms of selection.  Widely is used classification that is based on the nature of the effect of forms of selection on the variability of the trait in the population.  Driving the selection a form of natural selection, which operates in the directed change of environmental conditions, as described by Darwin and Wallace.  In this case, individuals with symptoms that are deflected in a direction from the average, receive benefits.  In this case, different variations of feature (its deviation in the opposite direction from the mean) are subjected to negative selection.  As a result, in a population from generation to generation, a shift of the average character in a certain direction.  The pressure driving the selection must meet the adaptive capabilities of the population and the rate of mutational change (otherwise the pressure of the environment can lead to extinction).   Stabilizing selection a form of natural selection, in which his action is directed against individuals with extreme deviations from the average, in favor of individuals with an average severity of the trait.  There are described many examples of stabilizing selection in nature.  For example, at first glance it seems that the greatest contribution to the gene pool of the next generation must make the individuals with the highest fertility.  However, observations of natural populations of birds and mammals show that it is not that way.  Selection in favor of mean values was found in a variety of symptoms.  In mammals, newborns with very low and very high weight more likely to die at birth or during the first weeks of life than babies of average weight, as described in Darwins Quotes: Not Survival of the Fittest?   Disruptive (tearing) selection is a form of natural selection, where conditions are conducive to two or more extreme options (directions) of variation, but not conducive to an intermediate, average trait.  As a result, you may receive several new forms from a single source.  Darwin described the action of disruptive selection, considering that it lies at the heart of the divergence, though he could not give evidence of its existence in nature.  Disruptive selection contributes to the emergence and maintenance of polymorphism in populations, and in some cases can cause speciation.   One of the possible situations in nature, which comes into effect disruptive selection is when the polymorphic population is heterogeneous habitat.  The different forms are adapted to different ecological niches or subnishes.   Survival of organisms is important, but not the only component of natural selection exists. Another important component is attractive to individuals of the opposite sex.  Darwin called this phenomenon of sexual selection:  This form of selection is determined not by the struggle for existence in the relations of organic beings to each other or with external conditions, but the rivalry between individuals of one sex, usually males, for the possession of individuals of the opposite sex.  Sexual selection is a natural selection for success in breeding.  Features that reduce the viability of their carriers, may occur and spread, if the benefits that they provide a breeding success is much higher than their weaknesses to survive.  It was suggested that there are two main hypotheses about the mechanisms of sexual selection.  According to the hypothesis of good genes and female reasons as follows: If the male, despite its bright plumage and long tail, somehow managed not to die at the hands of predators and survive to sexual maturity, then, consequently, he has good  genes, which allowed him to do it. Hence, he should be chosen as a father to his children: he will give them his good genes.  Choosing bright males, females choose good genes for their offspring, as described by Michael Heeney. According to the hypothesis of attractive sons, the logic of the choice of females is somewhat different.  If males are bright, for whatever reasons, they are attractive to females, you should choose a bright future for your sons, because sons will inherit the genes of bright colors and will be attractive to females in the next generation.  Thus, a positive feedback loop that leads to the fact that generation after generation of bright plumage of males is increasingly growing.  The process goes on increasing until it reaches the limit of viability.  In the choice of mating females is no more and no less logical than the rest of their behavior.  When the animal feels thirsty, it is not a reason for him to drink water in order to restore fluid and electrolyte balance in the body he is going to drink because he feels thirsty.  Likewise, the females choose bright males, they follow their instincts they like the bright tails.  All those who instinct other behavior, all the y have left no progeny.  Thus, we have not discussed the logic of the females, and the logic of the struggle for existence and natural selection is a blind and automatic process, which, acting continuously from generation to generation, and formed all the amazing variety of shapes, colors and instincts, which we observe in the world of wildlife  .   Positive selection a form of natural selection.  Its effect is the opposite of truncation selection.  Positive selection increases the number of individuals in the population, with useful features that increase the viability of the species as a whole.  Truncation selection is a form of natural selection.  Its effect is the opposite of positive selection.  Truncation selection is discarded from the population, the vast majority of individuals carrying signs, dramatically reduce the viability under these environmental conditions.   Survival of the fittest is in terms of species and populations, such as species having gills in the water, because fit can win the fight for survival.  There are survival bodied organisms, survival of the physically strongest of organisms as physical struggle for resources is an integral part of life.  Survival of the most sexually successful organisms happens because sexual reproduction is the dominant mode of reproduction.  In this case, it takes sexual selection.  However, all these cases are private, but mostly remains successful preservation time.  So sometimes these areas are violated for the sake of following the main goal, as stated in Survival of the fittest.   Charles Darwin believed that natural selection is a fundamental factor in the evolution of life.  Accumulation in the late XIX early XX century, information on genetics, in particular the discovery of the discrete nature of the inheritance of phenotypic traits, prompted many researchers to revise the thesis of Darwin: as critical factors of evolution were considered mutation genotype.  On the other hand, the discovery of the known correlations among the traits of related species led to the formulation of hypotheses about the evolution on the basis of laws and not random variability.  Discussion of the role of various factors in the evolution continues today, and evolutionary biology came to the need for his next, the third synthesis.  As a dact, Darwin long hesitated to publish his theory, as seen the problem of ants, which can be explained only in terms of genetics, as stated in Survival of the fittest. Survival of the fittest is the main driving force of evolution of living organisms.  Thinking about the existence of natural selection came independently and almost simultaneously to several English naturalists: V. Wells (1813), P. Mathews (1831), E. Blythe (1835, 1837), A. Wallace (1858), Darwin (1858, 1859), but only Darwin was able to discover the significance of this phenomenon as the main factor of evolution and created the theory of natural selection.  Unlike human- artificial selection, natural selection is due to effects on organisms of the environment. According to Darwin, natural selection is the experience of the fittest organisms, which resulted on the basis of uncertain genetic variation in the number of generations takes evolution.   In general, we can say that natural selection is daily and hourly throughout the world investigating minute changes, rejecting the bad, preserving and pondered them good, working silently and invisibly, wherever and whenever they are neither presented in this case, on the improvement of each organic being  in connection with the conditions of his life, organic and inorganic.  Man does not see these slowly make changes in their movement forward and time to just ignore diversity of contemporary forms of life once existed.   Although natural selection can only operate for the benefit of the organism and the only effect of this benefit, however the signs and structures, which seem to be quite insignificant, may enter into the terms of the selection process.  When the insects that feed on leaves, green, and eating the bark spotty gray, alpine ptarmigan white in winter, and the red grouse is painted the color of heather, we must assume that these stains are beneficial to these birds and insects, protecting them from danger. Considering these differences between species that seem insignificant, one must not forget that they are directly influenced by climate, food, etc. Also, the force of law correlations should be noted that when one part varies and changes accumulate by natural selection, there are other changes,  often the most unexpected properties, as described in Survival of the fittest.   If the changes that occur under domestication, in a certain period of life, tend to occur in the offspring in the same period even in the natural state, natural selection will act on the organisms and modify them at any age through favorable changes in this age group and by their inheritance in the corresponding  same age.  Natural selection may modify and adapt the larva of an insect to numerous conditions, quite different from those in which the adult insect lives, and these changes in the force of law correlations may impact on the adult form.  Similarly, and vice versa: changes in adult insects may affect the structure of the larvae, but in any case, natural selection will ensure their safety, because otherwise having them exposed to the extinction of species.  Natural selection changes the structure of relatively young parents and parents that are relatively young.  In social animals, it adapts the structure of each individual to the needs of the community, if only to make the community benefit from this change in the selection of exposed individuals.   In order to clarify the action of natural selection, it is sufficient to provide one or two imaginary examples.  Let us consider the example of the wolf, feeding on different animals and one beset by force, and other tricks, the third-speed, imagine that the fastest prey, deer, for example, have increased in number by which any changes that have occurred in the area, or whether another production decreased  in particular, just at the time of year when wolves suffer the most from lack of food.  In such circumstances, the fastest and lean wolves will have a better chance to survive and, thus, remain or be selected.  You can give another more complicated example, illustrating the mode of action of natural selection.  Insects in search of nectar and pollen will crumble very often will move her from flower to flower.  So by going to cross between the flowers, belonging to two different individuals, and this process will give rise to cross over the mighty seedlings, consequentl y will have the best chance for prosperity and survival.  Plants that produce flowers with the nectaries, select the largest amount of nectar, insects will visit more often and more frequently subjected to cross-breeding and, eventually, will overcome their rivals, and form a local variety. One can imagine another case: insects visiting the flowers to collect nectar is not, and pollen, and as pollen is used exclusively for fertilization, then its destruction should be, it would seem to bring only damage to the plant, however, if a little pollen, first accidentally and then permanently tolerated eating insects pollen from flower to flower, and this would be achieved by cross-breeding, at least nine-tenths of the pollen being destroyed, this kind of robbery would be quite beneficial to plants, and individuals that produce more and more pollen  and fitted with larger anthers, would be subjected to selection.  Thus, the examples can be seen in the fact that natural selection opera tes only through the preservation and accumulation of small inherited modifications, each of which is advantageous for saving the creatures.   Much of the variability, of course, and individual differences are likely to be a favorable circumstance.  A large number of individuals are increasing the chances of a given period of useful changes, can compensate for a lesser degree of variation in individual animal and it is an important element of success.  Hybridization plays an important role in nature, as it supports uniformity and consistency traits in individuals of the same species or same species.   Length of time in itself does not promote or impede natural selection.  The length of time is important, as it increases the chances of favorable changes in their selection, accumulation and retention.   Extinction is caused by natural selection.  This issue should be mentioned because of its close connection with natural selection.  Natural selection acts only through the changes, in some sense useful, and therefore root.  Because of the rapid increase in the number of all organic beings exponentially, each area is already filled to the limit of the inhabitants, and from this it follows that, as the favored form will increase in number, the less favorable treatment will usually decrease in numbers and become rare.  The rarity of forms is a forerunner of extinction.  Any form submitted by a small number of individuals has a better chance at the final extinction, due to a significant climatic fluctuations during the year or due to a temporary increase in the number of its enemies.  Species, most wealthy individuals, have the greatest chance for the appearance at any given period of favorable changes.  Hence, rare species at any given time will change and evolve more slo wly and therefore will be defeated in the battle of life change and improve the descendants of the more common species.  From this it follows that, since over time the activities of natural selection, the formation of new species, while others have become increasingly rare, finally disappear.   Sometimes it is difficult to explain the peoples behavior, as people hurt one another, which, for example, you will never see among animals. You dont see wild animals killing animals of the same species, yet people do it all the time. Often people behave in a strange way, and the laws of animal kingdom do not apply. Also, prisoners and people on life support can be compared, as the examples of the consequences of the survival of the fittest. Nature has its laws and sometimes people can not control them. True that people have discovered many types of medicine that help people to survive and often save lives. The survival of the fittest can now be controlled in some way. Nature has its rhythm and whatever people do does not change a lot in the world, as nature is more powerful than we think. Some people survive, some people die, but the tendency is that the number of people is constantly growing. However, some people believe that the laws of nature determine everything. It can be said that the Earth is a living organism and people can not interfere in its life. Some people and philosophers even think that people do not have to cure each other, as there is the survival of the fittest that determines everything.